You can use the Linux command line at the bottom of the page to practice commands by starting the task and opening the command line in its own window.

The location of the working directory can be changed with the 

 command takes a path or directory name and changes the working directory to this new location.

The image below shows how the working directory in the command line was changed to point to the root of the file system. After this, the location pointed by the working directory was checked using the pwd command.

Unlike the Windows operating system, Linux does not separate different disks under its own letters. 

directory, or root directory, is literally the base or foundation of the file system. You can think of C:/ in the Windows world as equivalent to / in the Linux world, with the exception that in the Linux world, nothing is located under, for example, the D:/disk but everything can be found under the root.

The ls-command comes from the word list and simply lists the files and directories in the given path.

Simply giving the ls command to the command line lists the directories and files below the current working directory. The command can also specify a path from which you want to list the files.

The image below shows the ls command executed at the root of the file system, with the -l option used in the command for a more user-friendly listing.

When the working directory is desired to be moved upwards in the directory structure 

, this can be indicated by using two dots.

In the image below, the pwd command is first executed and it can be seen that the current working directory points to the /home/student path. After that, the cd command is used to navigate one directory up and the change in the new working directory is verified by executing the pwd command again.

You can also jump multiple directories upwards at once using the following method.

The following image checks the current location of the working directory. After that, we go directly to the root without visiting the /home directory. Finally, we make sure that we are in the root.

command, you will move the working directory back to your home directory. So in this case, 

Practice command line

*You can use the Linux command line at the bottom of the page to practice commands by starting the task and opening the command line in its own window.*

The location of the working directory can be changed with the *cd-* command, which stands for *change directory*. The *cd-* command takes a path or directory name and changes the working directory to this new location.

```sh
cd directory
```

*The image below shows how the working directory in the command line was changed to point to the root of the file system. After this, the location pointed by the working directory was checked using the pwd command.*

![](sanity:image-15e978a854c6a2a8a13ee2bf6e1579e1199269da-488x76-png)

*Unlike the Windows operating system, Linux does not separate different disks under its own letters. ****/ ****directory, or root directory, is literally the base or foundation of the file system. You can think of C:/ in the Windows world as equivalent to / in the Linux world, with the exception that in the Linux world, nothing is located under, for example, the D:/disk but everything can be found under the root.*

*The ls-command comes from the word list and simply lists the files and directories in the given path.*

```sh
ls /home/
```

*Simply giving the ls command to the command line lists the directories and files below the current working directory. The command can also specify a path from which you want to list the files.*

*The image below shows the ls command executed at the root of the file system, with the -l option used in the command for a more user-friendly listing.*

![](sanity:image-f355ea66e4204a9b419b196c4e3cd160abe60cbd-516x321-png)

When the working directory is desired to be moved upwards in the directory structure *(closer to the root)*, this can be indicated by using two dots.

```sh
CD..
```

*In the image below, the pwd command is first executed and it can be seen that the current working directory points to the /home/student path. After that, the cd command is used to navigate one directory up and the change in the new working directory is verified by executing the pwd command again.*

![](sanity:image-ed5fb99711621617d756112e148d0ee9062b4885-440x99-png)

You can also jump multiple directories upwards at once using the following method.

```sh
cd ../..
```

*The following image checks the current location of the working directory. After that, we go directly to the root without visiting the /home directory. Finally, we make sure that we are in the root.*

![](sanity:image-1b8c7361d2dd2d4776336eaf1415416a45062d8c-422x92-png)

Finally, by entering only the *cd-*command, you will move the working directory back to your home directory. So in this case, *to the /home/student directory.*

@exercise b55c2c87fc81


Navigating the command line

Start here. In this course, we go through important basics that enable in-depth learning of increasingly complex topics in information security. The course is intended for students who are new to information technology.

The purpose of the course is to go through important topics in information technology so that it would be easier to internalize new information in other courses. The purpose of the course is to support learning and enable a quick transition to other material offered by Hakateam. We have done our best to condense the course into what we believe are the most critical areas, but we still recommend seeking additional information and trying out new things in the field of information technology. Continuous learning is a part of every enthusiast's as well as IT professional's life.

Navigating the command line

Learn to hack — start here