In the previous module we covered some very basic operators and expressions. Now we'll proceed to cover a few more that you'll use a lot.

Comparison operators allow you to compare two values. They evaluate to a boolean (true or false).

When comparing values in JavaScript, it's important to understand the difference between 

(automagically converting both values to the same datatype to make, e.g., comparison possible). So 

 because one is a number and the other is a string—even though they look similar.

 (strict equality) to avoid unexpected behavior caused by automatic type conversions.

Inequality (!=) and Strict Inequality (!==) 

Greater Than or Equal (>=) and Less Than or Equal (<=)

Logical operators let you combine or modify boolean values:

. Both conditions must be true for the result to be true.

The ternary operator is a concise way to write conditional expressions. It follows this format:

This single-line expression evaluates whether score is 60 or higher. If true, result becomes "Pass", otherwise "Fail".

index.js

index.test.js

Compare Two Values

Check a Value Using Logical Operators

Flip a Boolean with NOT

 to assign "Pass" if the score is 60 or higher, otherwise "Fail".

Use the Ternary Operator

## More operators and expressions!

In the previous module we covered some very basic operators and expressions. Now we'll proceed to cover a few more that you'll use a lot.

---

## Comparison Operators

Comparison operators allow you to compare two values. They evaluate to a boolean (true or false).

### Equality (==) and Strict Equality (===)

When comparing values in JavaScript, it's important to understand the difference between **equality (==)** and **strict equality (===)**.

The **equality operator (==)** checks whether two values are the same **after converting them to the same type**. This automatic conversion is called **type coercion**. For example, **5 == "5"** is **true** because JavaScript converts the string **"5"** into the number **5** before comparing them.

The **strict equality operator (===)**, on the other hand, checks both the **value** and the **type**. It does **not perform type coercion **(automagically converting both values to the same datatype to make, e.g., comparison possible). So **5 === "5"** is **false** because one is a number and the other is a string—even though they look similar.

In general, it's a good idea to use **===** (strict equality) to avoid unexpected behavior caused by automatic type conversions.

- **5 == "5" **is **true** (loose equality).
- **5 === "5"** is **false** (strict equality, no type coercion).

### Inequality (!=) and Strict Inequality (!==) 

- **5 != "6"** is **true**.
- **5 !== "5**" is **true**.

### Greater Than (>) and Less Than (<)

- **10 > 3** is **true.**
- **3 < 1 i**s **false**.

### Greater Than or Equal (>=) and Less Than or Equal (<=)

- **4 >= 4** is **true**.
- **2 <= 1 **is **false**.

@embed a8690c6cbf13

---

## Logical Operators

Logical operators let you combine or modify boolean values:

### AND (&&)

**true && false** returns **false**. Both conditions must be true for the result to be true.

### OR (||)

**false || true **returns **true**. Only one condition needs to be true.

### NOT (!)

**!true returns false**. This operator negates a boolean value.

@embed 20ba55dc77e6

---

## Ternary Operator

The ternary operator is a concise way to write conditional expressions. It follows this format:

```javascript
condition ? valueIfTrue : valueIfFalse
```

For example:

```javascript
let score = 75;
let result = score >= 60 ? "Pass" : "Fail";
console.log(result); // prints "Pass"
```

This single-line expression evaluates whether score is 60 or higher. If true, result becomes "Pass", otherwise "Fail".

---

## Exercises

@exercise c0cb5a4d360f

@exercise 6c62b991a2dc

@exercise 6b5dd93737f9

@exercise ea316a25d776


- Luo muuttuja nimeltä **isEqual** käyttäen **let** -avainsanaa.
- Aseta se vertaamalla **5**:n ja **"5"**:n tulosta käyttäen **täsmällistä yhtäsuuruutta (===)**.
- Tulosta **isEqual** -arvon console.login avulla.

Vertaa kahta arvoa

- Luo muuttuja nimeltä **isAdult** käyttäen **let**-avainsanaa ja aseta se arvoon **true**.
- Luo toinen muuttuja nimeltä **hasTicket** käyttäen **let**-avainsanaa ja aseta se arvoon **false**.
- Luo kolmas muuttuja nimeltä **canEnter** käyttäen **let**-avainsanaa, joka käyttää **JA-operaattoria (&&)** selvittääkseen, voiko henkilö mennä sisään.
- Tulosta **canEnter** konsoliin.

Tarkista arvo käyttäen loogisia operaattoreita

- Luo muuttuja nimeltä **isRaining** ja aseta se arvoksi **false**.
- Luo toinen muuttuja nimeltä **goOutside**, joka tulisi olla **isRaining** **vastakohta** käyttäen **NOT operaattoria (!)**.
- Tulosta **goOutside** konsoliin.

Käännä boolean-arvo EIntoa käyttäen

- Luo muuttuja nimeltä **score** ja aseta siihen numero.
- Luo toinen muuttuja nimeltä **grade**, joka käyttää **ternary operaattoria** ja asettaa siihen arvon "Pass", jos pistemäärä on 60 tai enemmän, muuten "Fail".
- Tulosta **grade** konsoliin.

Käytä kolminais (ternary) operaattoria

More Operators and Expressions

Learn programming with JavaScript, arguably the most important and versatile programming language in today's world, at least for web development.

Welcome to Hakatemia’s beginner-friendly JavaScript course, where you will learn the fundamentals of programming with JavaScript. In today’s world, JavaScript is one of the most popular and versatile programming languages—especially in web development, where it holds a unique position: no other programming language can run both in the browser and on the server. For this reason, JavaScript has become extremely popular and is used for developing user interfaces (React, Vue, Angular, Svelte, etc.), back-end systems (NodeJS/Express, HAPI, etc.), and full-stack solutions (NextJS, NuxtJS, etc.).

These JavaScript frameworks will be covered in later Hakatemia courses, but before we get there, we must first master the basics of JavaScript programming. This course is designed precisely for that purpose.

Throughout the course, you’ll learn core programming concepts such as variables, operators, conditional statements, functions, arrays, and objects. Each module is divided into small, manageable segments with plenty of practical exercises.

This course is being released as a beta—the first part of Hakatemia’s comprehensive web development curriculum—and it is the first course that uses Hakatemia’s new programming exercise environment. Please provide feedback using the button at the bottom of the page or on Discord if you encounter any issues!

More Operators and Expressions

More operators and expressions!

Learn to hack — start here